The Clinical Myopia Profile classification was used to assess the number of hours that children spent each day doing near-vision tasks. In 2016, 2017, and 2019, 34.7% of children spent more than 3 h a day doing these types of tasks, 25.9% spent between 2 and 3 h a day doing near-vision activities, and 39.4% spent <2 h a day performing said tasks.

3% of the children who participated in this study spent more than 50% of the said time using them. Only 34.2% spent <25% of the time using them and 27.5% spent between 25 and 50% of the time doing so. From 2016 to 2019 fewer children have near vision activities or excessive screen time of > 3 h and more children have screen time of 1–2 h and the details of the data obtained every year (Table 1). Several programs to improve the lifestyle of children have been established over the last few years; consequently, parents are well aware of the risks that their children face by spending long hours in front of a screen.

The number of hours spent in near vision and the use of electronic devices increase significantly with age, with this number being higher in children aged 7 years (OR:1.02; CI:0.99-1.94; p < 0.05). Thus, older children are spending more time on devices, especially those with excessive screen time > 3 h (Tables 2, 3). The increasingly frequent use of digital devices, both at home and at school, means that children are becoming more and more dependent on them as they grow older.

Table dos. Potential proportion and you may rely on Interval in the outdoor situations, near factors while the access to electronic devices dependent on years and you can refractive error.

Desk 3. Regularity shipping of energy invested from inside the near vision, playing with electronic products and also in outdoor activities with respect to the kid’s ages.

About the circular comparable worth, the greater go out invested inside the close-attention activities and ultizing gadgets, more significant the fresh new development to your myopization (Desk cuatro). Furthermore, extreme distinctions have been seen when comparing how many instances invested inside close attention points about other independent groups off The country of spain (p ? 0.001).

Hence, discover an obvious connection between your extreme access to digital equipment as kod promocyjny crossdresser heaven well as the improved prevalence of myopia (OR: step one.step one0; CI: step 1.07-step 1.13; p ? 0.001) (Data 2, 3).

Outside Points

In line with the Clinical Myopia Character classification, fifty.6% of your own students exactly who took part in the analysis spent anywhere between 0 and you may step one.six h exposed to Uv white day-after-day, 33.2% between 1.6 and you can dos.seven h a day, and just sixteen.2% invested more 3 h twenty four hours outside (Table 2, Shape cuatro). Myopia decrease because the date spent confronted with the fresh Uv light grows would be noticed (p ? 0.001) (Figure 5). Moreover, what amount of occasions that students spend outside decreases with age (Desk 3) (p ? 0.001).

Talk and you will Findings

Inside studies, we had about three main conclusions. To begin with, the elevated go out spent on near factors and utilizing electronic products try of the highest cost out of myopia into the Foreign language children. Next, prevalence pricing away from myopia in kids old 5–seven many years is growing. Thirdly people who have been reported to blow longer outside had been less likely to make myopia

Regarding the first finding, we have got that the time spent doing near activities has a direct impact on the prevalence of myopia in children aged between 5 and 7 (OR>1). Nevertheless, when we checked the time of these near activities that children spend with digital devices, we have got that the percentage of 7 years old children that spent more than 50% of the time doing near activities with electronic devices is higher than in children of 5 and 6 years old. Our study shows that, in general, the more the time using digital devices the higher the myopia prevalence (OR>1). But it is important to point out that we have found differences with age, meaning that we have not got a relation in the use of digital devices and myopia in children of 5 and 6 years old, but there is a relationship in children of 7 years old. Multiple studies also sustain that excessive use of smartphones, computers, television, etcetera, as well as the hours spent doing near-vision activities, have a negative impact on vision, and increase the risk of developing problems (15, 26, 31). For instance, the prevalence of myopia in children from Sydney (n = 124) was compared to the same in children from Singapore (n = 628), finding that it was higher in Singapore (29.1 vs. 3.3%) as a result of the differences in the children’s lifestyles of both countries, considering that in Singapore they spent more hours reading books and doing near activities while in Sydney spent more time in outdoor activities (13,75 vs. 3,05 h a week in Singapore) (21). Other researchers have related a higher risk of developing myopia with shorter distances for reading (<20 cm) and longer and continuous periods (>45 min), instead of joining to the total time in near activities (17). In this sense, a recent study has concluded that results are mixed and that more studies are needed to evaluate the association between screen time and myopia (36).